تأثیر تغییرات دمای آب بر تکامل جنینی ماهی قزل آلای رنگین کمان (Oncorhynchus mykiss) و بررسی میزان تفریخ، بقای لارو و شاخص‌های رشد بچه‌ماهی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استاد گروه شیلات، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران

2 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد گروه شیلات، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران

3 دانشجوی دکتری گروه شیلات، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران

10.22059/jfisheries.2022.338512.1314

چکیده

دما نقش مهمی را در انجام فرآیندهای فیزیولوژیک جانداران دارد. در آبزیان، نقش دما در فرآیند تکامل جنینی اثبات شده است و بررسی و شناخت این تغییرات در تولید لارو و بچه ماهی با کیفیت دارای اهمیت زیادی از بعد تولید اقتصاد ی دارد. در این پژوهش اثر تغییرات دمای آب بر میزان تخم‌گشایی و بقای لارو‌های قزل‌آلای رنگین‌کمان مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. تیمار­های آزمایش شامل تیمارهای دمایی 10 (تیمار شاهد)، 12 (تیمار 1) و 14 (تیمار 2) درجه سانتی‌گراد با سه تکرار بودند. میانگین درصد تفریخ در تیمارهای 1 (0/78±84/71) و تیمار 2 (1/07±84/71) به‌طور معنی‌داری بیشتر از تیمار شاهد (0/97±82/90) بود (0/05>P). در صورتی که تفاوت معنی‌داری بین تیمار 1 و 2 مشاهده نشد (0/05<P). میانگین درصد بقای لارو در تیمارهای آزمایش، افزایش معنی‌داری را در تیمار 1 (0/78±88/24) و 2 (1/57±91/10) در مقایسه با تیمار شاهد (1/09±80/30) نشان داد. همچنین در تیمار 2 این میزان به‌صورت معنی‌داری بیشتر از تیمار 1 بود (0/05>P). در مراحل بعدی رشد، در این آزمایش مشخص شد که میزان بقای بچه ماهیان قزل‌آلا با افزایش دما در مقایسه با شاهد کاهش می ­یابد، به‌طوری که کمترین میزان بقا در تیمار 14 درجة سانتی‌گراد مشاهده شد، بنابراین، می ­توان نتیجه­ گیری کرد که با افزایش دما میزان سوخت و ساز ماهیان افزایش می‌یابد و در دمای 12 درجة سانتی‌گراد شرایط ماندگاری بچه ماهیان بهتر است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Role of temperature changes in embryo development of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss), and larvae and fingerlings growth indices

نویسندگان [English]

  • Gholamreza Rafiee 1
  • Melika Mirzaei 2
  • Pourya Gholamzadeh 3
1 Professor, Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
2 M.Sc. Student, Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
3 Ph.D. Student, Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
چکیده [English]

Temperature plays an important role in physiological processes in animals. In aquatic animals, the role of temperature in embryonic development has been proved and investigation and recognition of these changes in the production of larvae and quality of fish is of great importance in the economic production dimension. In this study, the effect of water temperature changes on hatching rate and survival of rainbow trout embryo, larvae and fingerlings were investigated. The experimental treatments included of waterborne temperature 10 (control treatment), 12 (treatment 1) and 14 (treatment 2) °C in three replicates. The mean percentage of hatching in treatments 1 (85.04±0.78) and treatment 2 (84.71±1.07) were significantly higher than control treatment. (82.90±0.97) (P<0.05). The mean percentage of larvae survival in experimental treatments showed a significant increase in treatments 1 (88.24±0.78) and 2 (91.10±1.57) compared to control (80.30±1.09) (P<0.05). Also, the lowest survival rate was observed in 14°C treatment, so it can be concluded that with increasing temperature, fish metabolic rate increases and at 12°C, the survival conditions of larva and fingerlings are better, in treatment 2, this rate was significantly higher than treatment 1 (P<0.05). In the later stages of growth, it was found that the survival rate of salmon fish decreased with increasing temperature compared to the control, so that the lowest survival rate was observed in 14 °C treatment.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Temperature
  • Growth indices
  • Embryo development
  • Rainbow trout

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