بررسی اثر غلظت‌های متفاوت کلرید سرب بر بیان ژن‌های مؤثر در فاکتور های ایمنی ماهی قزل‌آلای رنگین‌کمان (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد گروه شیلات، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران

2 استادیار گروه شیلات، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران

3 استاد گروه شیلات، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران

10.22059/jfisheries.2024.362092.1395

چکیده

سرب یکی از فلزات سنگین با اثر سمی است که در آب‌های داخلی و مخازن پرورشی یافت می‌شود و می‌تواند باعث ایجاد عفونت و بیماری‌هایی در آبزیان و انسان گردد. هدف از انجام این مطالعه بررسی اثر فلز سرب در بچه ماهی نورس قزل‌آلای رنگین‌کمان (Oncorhynchus mykiss) و اثر آن بر بیان ژن‌های مرتبط با ایمنی (MHC I، IL-6، TNFα) و ژن پروتئین شوک حرارتی (HSP70) است. پس از تکثیر و پرورش ماهیان در آب فاقد سرب، بچه ماهی های نورس نیم گرمی در سه تیمار مختلف سرب کلرید (PbCl2) با غلطت‌های (0/25 و 0/5 و ۱) میکرو مول بر لیتر و گروه شاهد در سه تکرار (35 قطعه بچه ماهی در هر تکرار) به‌مدت 96 ساعت در معرض قرار گرفتند. سپس نمونه‌های تصادفی در ازت مایع منجمد شد و برای آزمایش بیان ژن استفاده شدند. آزمایش بیان ژن با روش Real-time PCR و با آغازگر اختصاصی انجام شد. نتایج تحلیل داده‌ها و منحنی‌های تکثیر و ذوب نشان داد که ژن پروتئین شوک حرارتی HSP70 در دو غلظت 0/25 و یک میکرومول بر لیتر، تغییرات معنی‌داری دارد (0.05>P) و منحنی U شکل برعکس نشان داد که احتمالاً این امر به‌دلیل اثر هورموزیس سرب است. بیان ژن‌های اینترلوکین شش و MHC I در تیمار با غلظت 1 افزایش معنی‌دار داشت (0.05>P)، همچنین ژن  TNFα نیز بر خلاف HSP70  افزایش داشت که نشان‌دهنده  منحنی U شکل و احتمالاً اثر هورموزیس عادی است. نتایج حاصل از این مطالعه نشان داد که سرب حتی در غلظت‌های در حدود آب آشامیدنی می‌توانند باعث تغییر بیان ژن‌های ناشی از تنش و شاخص‌‌های مرتبط با ایمنی گردد و اثرات آن صرفاً به مسمومیت ختم نخواهد شد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Investigating the effect of different concentrations of lead chloride on the expression of genes effective in the immune factors of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Behnaz Jafari 1
  • Amirreza Abed-Elmdoust 2
  • Hamid Farahmand 3
1 MSc. student, Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
2 Assistant professor,, Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
3 Professor,, Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
چکیده [English]

Lead is one of the heavy metals with a toxic effect found in inland waters and breeding tanks and can cause infections and diseases in aquatic animals and humans. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of lead metal in juvenile rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) and its effect on the expression of immune-related genes (MHC I, IL-6, TNFα) and heat shock protein gene (HSP70). After reproduction and rearing of fishes in lead-free water, the fry (0.5 gr) was allocated to three different treatments of lead chloride (PbCl2) with concentrations (0.25, 0.5, and 1) micromole/liter and a control group in three replicates (35 fry per replicate) for 96 hours. Then random samples were frozen in liquid nitrogen and used for gene expression testing by Real-time PCR. The results revealed that the HSP70 heat shock protein gene had significant changes (P<0.05) in two concentrations of 0.25 and 1 micromole/liter and the reverse U-shaped curve showed that this is probably due to the effect of lead hormesis. The expression of interleukin 6 and MHC I genes had a significant increase (P<0.05) in concentration, and the TNF-α gene also increased, unlike HSP70, which indicated a U-shaped curve and probably the effect of normal hormesis. The results of this study showed that lead, even in concentrations close to drinking water, can change the expression of genes caused by stress and factors related to immunity, and its effects do not end only with poisoning.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Rainbow trout
  • Lead
  • Gene expression
  • Hormosis effect
  • Immune factors

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شیلات
دوره 76، شماره 4
دی 1402
صفحه 655-666

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