The Effects of Temperature on Survival, Growth, Life span and Reproduction Characteristics of Phallocryptus spinosa Milne Edwards, 1980 (Crustacea; Anostraca)

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 MSc, Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran

2 Assistant Prof. , Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran.

3 Assistant Prof., Artemia and Marine Animals Research Institute, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran

4 MSc., Department of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Sciences, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran

Abstract

The survival, growth, reproductive and life span characteristics of Phallocryptus spinosa were studied at different temperatures in the laboratory. Three replicates of 200 newly hatched nauplii were transferred to culture containers at 15, 20, 25 and 30˚C. The larvae were fed with unicellular algae Dunaliella tertiolecta and chemically treated yeast known as Lansy PZ. Survival and growth rate of fairy shrimps were calculated on days 3, 6, 9, 12, 15 and 18. After attaining the adulthood twenty pairs of adult Anostracawere transferred from all culture vessels into separate containers filled with 300 ml of brackish water (5 ppt) with similar temperatures to compare their reproductive and life span characteristics. Maximum growth at shortest period (13.2 ± 2.0 mm on day 12) was observed at 30°C, but all died before day 15. Maximum survival (86 %) was observed at 15°C; however, minimum growth also was obtained at this temperature with none of the shrimps reaching sexual adulthood. The fairy shrimps reached sexual adulthood only at 20 and 25°C with significantly better results in most of the reproductive parameters especially in total cyst production per female (174 cyst) at 20°C. It was concluded that 20 °C is suitable temperature for culture if this species.

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