Document Type : Research Paper
Authors
1
Ph.D. Student, Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Natural Resources, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran.
2
Assistant Professor, Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Natural Resources, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran.
3
Assistant Professor, Department of Artemia, Artemia & Aquaculture Research Institute, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran.
4
Associate Professor, Department of Artemia, Artemia & Aquaculture Research Institute, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran.
5
IRTA – SantCarles de la Rapita, Unitat de CultiusExperimentals, Crta, Tarragona, Spain.
Abstract
Lecithin as a source of phospholipid are considered to increase the growth efficiency, reproduction and evolution of fish and crustaceans. Due to Insufficient synthesis of phospholipids in the aquatic this research was performed to investigate the effect of enrichment of Artemia franciscana nauplii and adults with soybean lecithin on proximate and lipid class composition. In the first stage, 200,000 nauplii / liter of water was enriched with soyabeen lecithin (74.42% phospholipid) for 24 hours. Enrichment emulsion (with a ratio of 10:1 ml: g of water and powdered lecithin) was added to enrichment containers at 3 ml for 2 times zero (beginning of enrichment) and 12 hours. To enrich adult Artemia (14 days and length 8.50 mm) with a density of 3000 Artemia per liter similar the first step the enrichment emulsion at 3 ml was used at 0 and 3 hours. After 6 hours, the enriched Artemia was washed by sieve and harvested. The results showed that there was no significant difference in the amount of dry matter and crude protein between lecithin-enriched Artemia nauplii and adults and unenriched Artemia (P> 0.05). Enrichment with lecithin in both steps of nauplii and adults, causes a significant increase in the amount of crude lipid (in nauplii from 17.62 to 21.39 and in biomass from 16.05 to 19.69 %). In terms of lipid classes, phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylserine + phosphatidylinositol was significantly higher in lecithin-enrichednauplii than unenriched nauplii (P< 0.05). In enriched Artemia adult, levels of phosphatidylethanolamine and lysophosphatidylcholine were significantly different than control groups. Also enrichment of Artemia nauplii and adults with soybean lecithin significantly increased total polar lipids (12.96% and 43.72%) and triglycerides (53.35% and 79.9%). In conclusion, it can be stated that using 0.6 g L-1 soybean lecithin increases phospholipid groups as well as total fat in Artemia nauplii and adults.
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