اکولوژی، پراکنش و ترکیب جمعیت دیاتومه‌ها در دریاچه سد طالقان

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار گروه شیلات، دانشکده علوم و فنون دریایی، واحدتهران شمال، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی

2 کارشناس ارشد گروه شیلات، دانشکده علوم و فنون دریایی، واحدتهران شمال، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی

چکیده

در کلیه اکوسیستم‌های آبی جهان دیاتومه‌ها به عنوان شاخص‌های مهم بیولوژیک مطرح‌اند و مدیریت و پایش ساختار جوامع آنها امری ضروری و حیاتی بشمار می‌رود. زیرا، برخی گونه‌های آنها می‌توانند با ایجاد شکوفایی‌های سریع و ناگهانی، کیفیت، سلامت و طعم را در منابع آب شرب به شدت تحت تاثیر قرار دهند و اختلالاتی در روند تصفیه آب پدید آورند. سد طالقان یکی از مهمترین منابع تامین آب شرب استان تهران است و از این نظر که کیفیت آب به عنوان آب شرب در دسترس مصرف کنندگان قرار گیرد حائز اهمیت است. بنابراین، این مقاله با رویکرد بررسی تنوع گونه‌ای، الگوهای پراکنش مکانی و زمانی دیاتومه‌ها و برخی شاخص‌های فیزیکی و شیمیایی دریاچه انجام پذیرفت. به این منظور نمونه‌برداری به مدت یک سال از زمستان سال 1393 تا زمستان 1394 از سه ایستگاه در طول دریاچه در سه تکرار و به صورت دوماه یکبار و در مجموع شش بار انجام شد. براساس مطالعات انجام شده بیست جنس و گونه دیاتومه در نمونه‌های آب دریاچه شناسایی شد. در تمام طول دوره نمونه‌برداری، همواره دو گونۀ Cyclotella ocellata و Cyclotella antique – از دیاتومه‌های سنتریک و  ulna Synedra از دیاتومه‌های pennate غالب بودند. بر اساس غلبه سه گونۀ مذکور، مقادیر pH (3/0±4/7) و میزان یون بی کربنات (23±170 میلی گرم در لیتر) در دریاچه طالقان مشخص شد دریاچه دارای آب و بستر آهکی و اندکی قلیایی بود، بر اساس آزمون dbRDA و MDS، مهمترین عوامل موثر بر پراکنش دیاتومه‌های غالب, عمق، بی‌کربنات/فسفات و سیلیس مشخص گردید. همچنین براساس تراکم کل دیاتومه‌ها به نظر می‌رسد دریاچه در شرایط الیگوتروف قرار داشته باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Ecology, Distribution and Composition of Diatoms in Taleghan Reservoir

نویسندگان [English]

  • Rezvan Mousavi Nadushan 1
  • Ehsan Aghajafari 2
1 Associate Professor, Department of Fisher and Marine Sciences, Faculty of Natural Resources and Environment, Islamic Azad University, Tehran North Branch, Tehran, Iran.
2 MSc.Department of Fisher and Marine Sciences, Faculty of Natural Resources and Environment, Islamic Azad University, Tehran North Branch, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

Diatoms have been used as important biological indicators of water ecosystems all around the world, mastering and monitoring of their communities are crucial, because some diatom species may cause sudden/severe blooms, also endangering water safety, quality, odor and taste also cause problems for water treatment plants. Taleghan reservoir (Dam Lake) is one of the most important drinking water sources of Tehran, so it is a worthy ecosystem. Mastering domination of Bacillariophytes (Diatoms), species diversity, spatial, temporal dispersions, also some physical, chemical parameters were investigated. Sampling was performed bimonthly, during an annual program, winter of 1393 to winter of 1394, at three stations in three replicates. Based on this study, 20 genus/species were identified. Cyclotella ocellata, Cyclotella antique as centric diatoms and Synedra ulna as pennate diatoms were three dominant species during all sampling periods. Based on these three dominant species, pH (7.4±0.3) and bicarbonate (170±23mg.l-1) Taleghan reservoir was demonstrated to have calcareous basin and slightly alkaline water, based on dbRDA and MDS analysis, the most important influencing factors on the diatom distribution were exhibited depth, SiO2 and HCO32-/PO3-. Also, based on total density of diatoms, this dam lake can be classified as oligotrophic condition.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Taleghan reservoir
  • Diatom
  • community
  • ecology
  • distribution

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