تحلیل داده‌های تغییرات صید و الگوی رشد فیل ماهی Huso huso (Linnaeus, 1758) در صیدگاه‌های استان گلستان در یک دوره 13 ساله

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 کارشناس ارشد صید و بهره‌برداری آبزیان، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان، ایران

2 دانشیار گروه شیلات، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان، ایران

3 استادیار گروه شیلات، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان، ایران

4 مدیریت امور ماهیان خاویاری، استان گلستان، گرگان، ایران

5 دانشجوی دکتری تولید و بهره‌برداری آبزیان، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه گنبدکاووس، ایران

10.22059/jfisheries.2022.341744.1325

چکیده

مطالعه حاضر با هدف بررسی تغییرات صید و الگوی رشد فیل ماهی واقع در مناطق صیادی استان گلستان و برخی ویژگی‌های زیستی این گونه در یک دوره 13 ساله انجام شد. بیشترین میزان صید این گونه در سال 1387 بود که جمعاً از پنج صیدگاه مستقر در آب‌های استان گلستان تعداد 95 قطعه از این گونه صید گردید و کمترین میزان صید آن نیز در سال 1399 بود که در این سال تعداد 3 قطعه از این گونه صید شدند. نتایج نشان داد بیشترین میانگین طول کل در سال 1399 و بیشترین میانگین وزن کل در سال 1396 مشاهده گردید و کمترین میانگین طول کل و وزن کل در سال 1390 بدست آمد. نسبت جنسی نر به ماده فیل ماهی در دوره سیزده ساله 1 : 66/0 بود که جمعیت جنس ماده بیشتر بود که از نظر آماری اختلاف معناداری داشتند (05/0p < ، 69/19 =2χ). دامنه ضریب رشد (b) برای جمعیت فیل ماهی در سال‌های 1390 تا 1399 بین 56/2 تا 97/3 متغیر بود، نتایج آزمون پائولی برای رابطه طول و وزن گونه فیل ماهی نشان داد الگوی رشد این گونه در سال‌های 1387 و 1389 از نوع آلومتریک منفی، در سال‌های 1393، 1396 و 1397 از نوع آلومتریک مثبت و در سال‌های 1388، 1390، 1391، 1392، 1394، 1395، 1398 و 1399 از نوع ایزومتریک بود. به‌طور کلی در یک دوره 13 ساله میزان صید فیل ماهی در سواحل استان گلستان کاهش بیش از 90 درصدی داشت، بنابراین در آب‌های استان گلستان این روند برای فیل ماهی پیش رود جزو گونه‌های به‌شدت در معرض انقراض قرار دارند و این یعنی زنگ خطر برای حفاظت این گونه با ارزش در دریای خزر به صدا در آمده است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Investigation of fishing changes and growth pattern of Huso huso (Linnaeus, 1758) in a 13-year period in fishing grounds of Golestan province

نویسندگان [English]

  • Ahmad Morshed Enayat 1
  • Seyed yosouf paighambari 2
  • parviz zare 3
  • Seyed Mostafa Aghilinejhad 4
  • Arsalan Bahalkeh 5
1 Master of Fishing and Aquatic Resources Exploitation, Faculty of Fisheries and Environment, Gorgan University of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Iran
2 Associate Professor, Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Fisheries and Environment, Gorgan University of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Iran
3 Assistant Professor, Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Fisheries and Environment, Gorgan University of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Iran
4 Sturgeon exploitation center, Golestan province, Gorgan, Iran
5 PhD Students in Aquatic Production and Exploitation, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Gonbad Kavous University, Gonbad Kavous, Iran
چکیده [English]

This study aimed to investigate the changes and growth pattern of Beluga sturgeon fishing in fishing regions of Golestan and biological characteristics of this species over a period of 13 years. The highest amount of Beluga sturgeon fishing was in 2008, when a total of 95 pieces of this species were caught from five fishing grounds in Golestan province, and the lowest amount was caught in 2020, when 3 pieces of this species were caught. The results showed that the highest average total length was observed in 2020 and the highest total weight was observed in 2017 and the lowest average total length and total weight was obtained in 2011.The sex ratio of male to female elephant fish in the thirteen-year period was 0.66:1, which was significantly higher than the female population (X2=19.69, p<0.05). The range of growth coefficient (b) for the population of Beluga sturgeon between 2008 to 2020 years varied from 2.56 to 3.97. The results of Pauli test for the relationship between length and weight of Beluga sturgeon species showed that the growth pattern of this species in 2008 and 2010 were negative allometric, in 1393, 1396 and 1397 positive allometric and in 2009, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2015, 2016, 2019 and 2020 were isometric. In general, in a period of 13 years, the amount of elephant fishing in the coasts of Golestan province decreased by more than 90%, so in this region, this trend for Beluga sturgeon is among the most endangered species, concluding an alarm for conservation of this valuable species in Caspian Sea.
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کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Huso huso
  • Fishing
  • Growth pattern
  • Southeast of Caspian Sea
  • Iran

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