به‌کارگیری منابع کربنی مختلف در سیستم بیوفلاک بر کیفیت آب، شاخص‌های رشد و ترشح نیتروژن متابولیکی در ماهیان انگشت قد کپور معمولی (Cyprinus carpio)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 .دانشیار گروه شیلات، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه گنبدکاووس، گلستان، ایران

2 کارشناسی ارشد گروه شیلات، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه گنبدکاووس، گلستان، ایران

3 دانشیار گروه شیلات، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه گنبدکاووس، گلستان، ایران

4 استادیار گروه شیلات، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه گنبدکاووس، گلستان، ایران

5 . استادیار گروه شیلات، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه گنبدکاووس، گلستان، ایران

10.22059/jfisheries.2022.333330.1291

چکیده

سیستم بیوفلاک از جمله فن­آوری­های جدیدی است که در طول سالیان اخیر کاربردهای زیادی در پرورش متراکم و نیمه متراکم آبزیان داشته است. از مهم‌ترین مزایای این سیستم کاهش مصرف آب و افزایش میزان تولید در واحد سطح بدون نیاز به سیستم بیوفیلتر با تکیه بر حضور باکتری‌های هتروتروف است. این آزمایش به مدت 45 روز با 120 قطعه بچه ماهی کپور معمولی (Cyprinus carpio) با میانگین وزنی 07/2±18/15 گرم انجام شد. بچه ماهیان به شکل تصادفی در 4 تیمار هر کدام با 3 تکرار تقسیم شدند. یک تیمار بدون تغییر در نسبت کربن به نیتروژن ولی با تعویض آب به ‌عنوان گروه شاهد (A) انتخاب شد. در تیمارهای بعدی بچه ماهیان با سیستم بیوفلاک حاوی منابع کربنی آرد ذرت (B)، آرد گندم (C) و آرد جو (D) پرورش داده شدند. در پایان دوره، شاخص‌های کیفی آب، میزان رشد و نرخ ترشح نیتروژن متابولیکی بین تیمارهای مختلف مقایسه شد. بر اساس نتایج به دست آمده شاخص‌های کیفی آب بین تیمارهای بیوفلاک نسبت به گروه شاهد بهبود یافت (05/0p<). شاخص‌های رشد به‌طور معنی‌داری در تیمارهای بیوفلاک ارتقاء یافت (05/0p<). بالاترین میزان رشد و کمترین ضریب تبدیل غذایی در سیستم بیوفلاک حاوی آرد جو ثبت شد (05/0p<). نرخ ترشح آمونیاک و اوره در تیمارهای بیوفلاک نسبت به گروه شاهد به‌طور معنی‌داری بالاتر بود (05/0p<). بالاترین نرخ ترشح آمونیاک و اوره در تیمار بیوفلاک حاوی آرد جو ثبت شد (05/0p<). در مجموع بر اساس نتایج به دست آمده می‌توان این‌چنین نتیجه‌گیری کرد که استفاده از آرد جو به‌عنوان منبع کربن در سیستم بیوفلاک برای پرورش ماهی کپور معمولی قابل استفاده است. استفاده از این منبع کربن علاوه بر بهبود شاخص های کیفی آب در ارتقاء رشد بچه ماهیان کپور معمولی در سیستم بیوفلاک نیز مؤثر خواهد بود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effects of different carbon sources on water quality, growth parameters and excretion of metabolic nitrogen in a biofloc -common carp (Cyprinus carpio) culture system

نویسندگان [English]

  • . . 1
  • Malihe Barati Ghaleshiri 2
  • Zia Kordjazi 3
  • Hosein Adineh 4
  • Mohammad Farhangi 5
1 Associate Professor, Department of Fisheries Science, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, GonbadKavous University, Golestan, Iran
2 M.Sc. Department of Fisheries Science, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, GonbadKavous University, Golestan, Iran
3 Associate Professor, Department of Fisheries Science, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, GonbadKavous University, Golestan, Iran
4 Assistant Professor, Department of Fisheries Science, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, GonbadKavous University, Golestan, Iran
5 Assistant Professor, Department of Fisheries Science, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, GonbadKavous University, Golestan, Iran
چکیده [English]

Biofloc system is a new technology that used in intensive and semi intensive aquaculture systems. The main advantage of this system is reducing the water use, along with increasing the intensity of production based on heterotrophic bacteria than autotrophic bacteria. The fish were divided into 4 groups in 3 replicates. The first group (A) was reared in normal culture situation as a control. In subsequent treatments, juvenile were rearing in a biofloc system containing various carbon sources, including: maize flour (B), Wheat flour (C) and barley flour (D) as different treatments. One hundred and twoenty fingerlings of common carp with initial average body weight of 15.18±2.07g introduced into the experimental treatments and cultured for 45 days. At the end of the experiment, water quality, growth preformance, and metabolic nitrogen excretion rates compared among treatments. Based on the results, water quality improved among all biofloc treatments compared to the control group (p<0.05). Growth indices significantly improved in all biofloc treatments (p<0.05). The highest growth rate and the lowest feed conversion ratio were recorded in the biofloc system containing barley flour (p<0.05). Ammonia and urea excretion in biofloc treatments were significantly higher than the control group (p<0.05). The highest ammonia and urea excretion rates were recorded in the biofloc treatment containing barley flour (p<0.05). Therefore, it was concluded that the use of barley flour as a carbon source in the biofloc system can be used for rearing of common carp. The use of this carbon source, in addition to improving of water quality, is effective in promoting the growth of common carp in the biofloc system.
.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Biofloc
  • Water quality
  • Growth performance
  • Healthy
  • Common carp

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