تأثیر سطوح مختلف ویتامین E بر برخی شاخص ‏های رشد و فراسنجه‏ های خونی بچه ماهی آزاد دریای خزر (Salmo caspius)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 فارغ‌التحصیل دکتری، گروه شیلات، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران

2 دانشیار گروه شیلات، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران

3 دانشیار انستیتو تحقیقات ماهیان خاویاری، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، رشت، ایران

4 استاد گروه بهداشت و بیماری‌های آبزیان، دانشکده دامپزشکی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران

10.22059/jfisheries.2023.349402.1346

چکیده

این مطالعه به‌بررسی اثرات سطوح مختلف ویتامین E بر عملکرد رشد و شاخص‏ های خونی بچه ماهی آزاد دریای خزر (Salmo caspius) پرداخت. شش جیرة غذایی با سطوح مختلف ویتامین E شامل صفر، 10، 20، 40، 80 و 160 میلی‏ گرم در کیلوگرم آماده شد که مقدار واقعی ویتامین E آن‌ها با استفاده از دستگاه کرماتوگرافی مایع با کارآیی بالا به‌ترتیب برابر 4/9، 8/6، 17/4، 35/4، 78/8 و 137/0 میلی ‏گرم در کیلوگرم تعیین شد. تعداد 360 عدد بچه ماهی (میانگین وزن اولیه 0/34±9/32 گرم) به‌صورت تصادفی در 18 مخزن استوانه ‏ای (20 عدد ماهی در هر مخزن) با حجم آب­گیری 900 لیتر توزیع گردید. ماهیان در هر مخزن 3 بار در روز (8:30، 12:30 و18:30) و به مدت 8 هفته با جیرة غذایی مربوطه تغذیه و در انتها شاخص­ های رشد و فراسنجه ‏های خونی آن‌ها بررسی شدند. یافته ‏ها نشان داد وزن نهایی، نرخ رشد روزانه و کارایی غذایی ماهیان با افزایش سطح ویتامین E در جیرة غذایی به‌صورت خطی (0.05>P) و تربیعی (0.05>P) افزایش یافت و به بالاترین مقدار در ماهیان تغذیه شده با 78/8 میلی‏گرم ویتامین E در کیلوگرم جیرة غذایی رسید. تغییرات فراسنجه ‏های خونی نیز بیانگر افزایش معنی ‏دار خطی (0.05>P) و تربیعی (0.05>P) گلوبول‏ های قرمز و سفید، میزان هموگلوبین و درصد میزان هماتوکریت همراه با افزایش میزان ویتامین E در جیره بود. درصد نوتروفیل ماهیان به پایین‏ ترین مقدار پس از تغذیه با بالاترین میزان ویتامین E (137/0 میلی‏ گرم ویتامین E در هر کیلوگرم جیره) رسید در حالی که بالاترین درصد لنفوسیت در ماهیانی ثبت شد که با 78/8 میلی‏ گرم ویتامین E در هر کیلوگرم از جیرة غذایی تغذیه شده بودند. یافته ‏های پژوهش حاضر نشان داد ویتامین E قادر است رشد و فراسنجه ‏های خونی ماهی آزاد دریای خزر را بهبود بخشد. بهترین سطح ویتامین E بر این اساس برابر 82/16 میلی ‏گرم در کیلوگرم بر اساس نرخ رشد روزانه و 102/98 میلی‏ گرم در کیلوگرم بر اساس سنتز گلبول ‏های سفید خونی تعیین گردید.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of different levels of vitamin E on performance and some blood parameters of Caspian trout (Salmo caspius )

نویسندگان [English]

  • Morteza Saheli 1
  • Houman Rajabi Islami 2
  • Mahmoud Mohseni 3
  • Mahdi Soltani 4
1 Ph.D Graduate, Department of Fisheries, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
2 Associate Professor, Department of Fisheries, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
3 Associate Professor, International Sturgeon Research Institute, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Rasht, Iran
4 Professor, Department of Aquatic Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

This study investigated the effects of different levels of vitamin E on growth performance and blood indices of Caspian trout (Salmo caspius) juveniles. Six diets with different levels of vitamin E including 0, 10, 20, 40, 80 and 160 mg kg-1 were prepared. The actual amounts of vitamin E in diets were determined using high performance liquid chromatography and were as follow: 4.9, 8.6, 17.4, 35.4, 78.8 and 137.0 mg kg-1. In total, 360 fish (initial mean weight of 9.32±0.34 g) were randomly distributed in 18 cylindrical tanks (20 fish per tank) with the working volume of 900 L. Each tank was randomly assigned to each of the experimental diets with 3 replications. The fish in each tank were fed with the respective diets for eight weeks and finally their growth indices and blood parameters were evaluated. The results showed that the final weight, daily growth coefficient and feed efficiency ratio of fish increased linearly (p<0.05) and quadratic (p<0.05) with increasing the vitamin E levels and reached the highest value in fish fed with 78.8 mg kg-1 vitamin E. Significant linear (p<0.05) and quadratic (p<0.05) increases in red blood cells (RBCs) and white blood cells (WBCs), hemoglobin content and hematocrit percentage were also determined by increasing in dietary vitamin E concentration. The percentage of neutrophils in fish blood reached the lowest level after feeding with the highest amount of vitamin E (137.0 mg kg-1 vitamin E) while the highest percentage of lymphocytes was recorded in fish fed with 78.8 mg kg-1 vitamin E. The findings of the present study showed that vitamin E could improve the performance and blood parameters of Caspian trout. The best level of vitamin E was estimated to be 82.16 mg kg-1 based on the daily growth coefficient and 102.98 mg kg-1 according to WBC number.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • α-tocopherol
  • Blood indices
  • Caspian trout
  • Daily growth coefficient
  • Optimum level
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