عامل‌های مؤثر بر توسعة صادرات خاویار ایران

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسنده

دانشآموختة دکتری، گروه اقتصاد کشاورزی، دانشکدة کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، ایران

10.22059/jfisheries.2024.366415.1407

چکیده

ایران از عمده‌ترین تولید‌کنندگان خاویار است و خاویار یکی از مهم‌ترین محصولات صادراتی در بخش شیلات کشور به‌شمار می‌آید. بنابراین با توجه به اهمیت جایگاه آن در اقتصاد کشور و صادرات غیر نفتی به بررسی صادارت خاویار و عوامل تأثیرگذار بر آن طی سال‌های 1399-1370 پرداخته شد. داده‌های مورد بررسی در این پژوهش از آمار منتشر شده توسط آمارنامة سازمان شیلات ایران، آمارنامة اتاق بازرگانی، صنایع، معادن و کشاورزی تهران، بانک مرکزی و سازمان خواربار و کشاورزی ملل متحد جمع‌آوری شده است. نتایج نشان داد، رابطة بلند‌مدت (وجود هم‌انباشتگی) میان متغیرهای میزان صادرات خاویار ایران و قیمت صادراتی ایران، میانگین قیمت جهانی، نرخ ارز، میزان صادرات جهانی و تحریم‌ها برقرار است. همچنین نتایج حاصل از آزمون علیت گرنجری نشان داد کلیة عوامل مؤثر بر میزان صادرات دارای اثر معنی‌دار یک‌طرفه بر میزان صادرات خاویار دارند. بنابراین به‌دلیل اهمیت صادرات خاویار به‌عنوان منبع تأمین ارز برای کشور و جهت حفظ جایگاه کشور در تجارت بین‌الملل، توصیه می‌شود در راستای ارتقاء میزان بهره‌وری و افزایش بازدهی تولید بچه‌ماهیان خاویاری، پشتیبانی‌های علمی و فنی از مراکز تحقیقاتی در این زمینه صورت گیرد. همچنین ضریب ecm نشان داد که در هر دوره 98 درصد از عدم تعادل‌های میزان صادرات خاویار ایران برطرف می‌شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Factors affecting the development of Iran's caviar export

نویسنده [English]

  • Shiva Ghaznavi
PhD graduate, Department of Agricultural Economics, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Tehran of University, Iran
چکیده [English]

Iran is one of the major producers of caviar, and caviar is one of the most important export products in the country's fisheries sector. Therefore, due to the importance of its place in the country's economy and non-oil exports, the caviar export and its influencing factors have been investigated during the years 1991-2020. The data analyzed in this research were collected from the statistics published by the Iranian Fisheries Organization, the statistics of the Tehran Chamber of Commerce, Industries, Mines and Agriculture, the Central Bank and the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. The results showed that there is a long-term relationship (the existence of co-accumulation) between the variables of Iran's caviar export and Iran's export price, average world price, exchange rate, world export amount and sanctions. Also, the results of the Granger causality test showed that all factors affecting the amount of export have a significant one-way effect on the amount of caviar export. Therefore, due to the importance of caviar export as a source of foreign exchange for the country and in order to maintain the country's position in international trade, it is recommended to provide scientific and technical support from research centers in this field in order to improve the productivity and increase the production efficiency of sturgeon fry. Also, the ECM coefficient showed that 98% of the imbalances in Iran's caviar exports are resolved in each period.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Export development
  • Caviar
  • Iran
  • Exchange rate
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