بافت‌شناسی لولة گوارش و کبد در ماهی حوض (Carassius auratus)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

گروه علوم جانوری، دانشکدة زیست‌شناسی، دانشکدگان علوم، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران.

10.22059/jfisheries.2024.378706.1434

چکیده

دستگاه گوارش در ماهی‌ها شامل لولة گوارش و اندام ­های ضمیمه­ ای اند و دریافت، هضم غذا و جذب مواد مغذی به بدن را تنظیم می­ کنند. هدف از پژوهش حاضر، بررسی بافت­شناسی مقایسه­ای در طول لولة گوارش و اندام کبد در ماهی حوض (Carassius auratus) بود. با کاربرد مدل رگرسیون خطی رابطة مثبت بین وزن دستگاه‌گوارش با وزن بدن شمخص شد (006/0P=، 620/0 r=، 18n= ). لولة گوارش از خارج به داخل شامل بافت همبند سروزی، لایة عضلانی و لایة زیرمخاط و مخاط است. اپیتلیوم لایة مخاطی پرزهای روده و راست­روده شامل سلول­های انتروسیت­ ها و سلول‌های جامی اند و در رأس پرز‌، سلول‌های انتروسیت کوتاه‌تر و سلول­ های جامی مشاهده نمی­ شود. بررسی ریخت‌شناسی پرزها نشان داد که طول پرزها در راست­روده بیشتر از بخش ­های ابتدایی، میانی و انتهایی روده است (0/001>P). در روده، طول پرز در بخش­ میانی نسبت به بخش­های ابتدایی و انتهایی کوتاه­تر بود (001/0>P). عرض و فاصلة بین پرزها در طول روده از بخش ابتدایی به انتهایی به‌طور معنی­داری افزایش نشان داد، سپس در راست روده کاهش یافت (0/001>P). ضخامت لایة ماهیچه­ای در بخش ابتدایی و انتهایی روده نسبت به بخش­ میانی بیشتر بود (0/001>P) و در رکتوم در مقایسه با بخش­ های مختلف روده بیشتر بود (0/001>P). کبد از سلول‌های کبدی به شکل پراکنده یا شعاعی تشکیل شد و مجاری ‌صفراوی به‌همراه سینوزوئیدها و سیاهرگ‌ها در پارانشیم کبد قابل مشاهده بود. مطالعة حاضر برای اولین بار ویژگی­ های ریختی پرزها را در طول لولة گوارش در ماهی حوض نشان داد که حاکی از سازگاری بافتی با عملکرد موضعی برای بهینه‎سازی هضم و جذب مواد مغذی در این ماهی است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Histology of digestive tract and liver in goldfish (Carassius auratus)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Vahidesadat Mirjalili
  • Sayyed Mohammad Hadi Alavi
Department of Animal Biology, School of Biology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
چکیده [English]

The fish digestive system consists of the digestive tract and accessory glands that regulate food intake and digestion and absorption of nutrients. The aim of the present study was to investigate histological features of digestive tract and liver in goldfish (Carassius auratus). A linear regression model showed a positive relationship between digestive mass and body mass (r= 0.620, n= 16, P=0.006). The digestive tract, from outer to inner, consists of serosa, muscular, submucosal, and mucosal layers. The epithelium of the mucosal folds contained enterocytes and goblet cells in both intestine and rectum. The enterocytes were shorter in length at the apices of the mucosal folds, which were free of goblet cells. Morphometric analysis of histological indices showed longer mucosal folds in the rectum than in intestine portions (P<0.001). In the intestine, the length of mucosa folds in the middle segment was shorter than those of anterior and posterior segments (P<0.001). The basal width of mucosal folds and the distance between two subsequent folds were significantly increased from the anterior to the posterior segments of the intestine, and then decreased in the rectum (P<0.001). The thickness of the muscular layer in the anterior and posterior segments of the intestine was higher than the middle segment (P<0.001), and it was greater in the rectum compared to the intestinal segments (P<0.001). The liver consists of hepatocytes arranged in a diffuse or radial organization, with bile ducts, sinusoids, and veins in the liver parenchyma. This study, for the first time, reveals the morphological features of mucosal folds along the digestive tract in goldfish, suggesting that histological adaptation with spatial function optimizes food digestion and nutrient absorption.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Epithelium cells
  • Goblet cells
  • Goldfish
  • Hepatocytes
  • Mucosal folds
Abdel-Wahab, S.M.M., El-Deeb, R.M.A., Khalaf-Allah, H.M.M., Abu-Zaid, M.M., Shalaby, W.T.S., 2017. Morphological and histological adaptations in the oesophagus and stomach of some coral reef fishes in Hurghada, Red Sea, Egypt. International Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering 8, 1-14.
Akiyoshi, H., Inoue, A., 2004. Comparative histological study of teleost livers in relation to phylogeny. Zoological Science 21(8), 841-850. DOI: 10.2108/zsj.21.841
Akoul, M.A., AL-Jowari, S.A.K., 2019. Comparative anatomical and histological study of some organs in two fish species Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus, 1758 and Mesopotamichthys sharpeyi (Günther, 1874) (Cypriniformes, Cyprinidae). Bulletin of the Iraq Natural History Museum 15(4), 425-441. DOI: 10.26842/binhm.7.2019.15.4.0425
Bjørgen, H., Li, Y., Kortner, T.M., Krogdahl, Å., Koppang, E.O., 2020. Anatomy, immunology, digestive physiology and microbiota of the salmonid intestine: Knowns and unknowns under the impact of an expanding industrialized production. Fish & Shellfish Immunology 107, 172-186. DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2020.09.032
Blanco, A.M., Unniappan, S., 2021. Goldfish (Carassius auratus): biology, husbandry, and research applications. In: D'Angelo, L., de Girolamo, P., (Eds.), Laboratory Fish in Biomedical Research. Academic Press, pp. 373-408. DOI: 10.1016/B978-0-12-821099-4.00012-2
Brown, C., Wolfenden, D., Sneddon, L., 2019. Goldfish (Carassius auratus). In: Yeates, J., (Editor) Companion Animal Care and Welfare: The UFAW Companion Animal Handbook, 1st Edition. John Wiley & Sons Ltd. pp. 467-478.
Bruslé, J., & Gonzalez i Anadon, G., 2017. The structure and function of fish liver. In: Dutta, H.M., (Ed.), Fish morphology. Taylor & Francis Inc., pp. 77-93. DOI: 10.1201/9780203755990-6
Caceci T., 1984. Scanning electron microscopy of goldfish, Carassius auratus, intestinal mucosa. Journal of Fish Biology 25(1), 1-12. DOI: 10.1111/j.1095-8649. 1984.tb04845.x
Chirde, S.G., Gadhikar, Y., 2014. Histology, histochemical and ultrastructural studies on intestine of Indian catfish, Clarius batrachus (Linn 1758), Asian Journal of Biology and Biotechnology 3(1),1-9.
Cho, J.-H., Park, J.W., Ryu, Y.-W., Kim, K.-W., Hur, S.-W., 2023. Morphology, histology, and histochemistry of the digestive tract of the Marbled flounder Pseudopleuronectes yokohamae. Animals 13(5), 936. DOI: 10.3390/ani13050936
Dai, X., Shu, M., Fang, W., 2007. Histological and ultrastructural study of the digestive tract of rice field eel, Monopterus albus. Journal of Applied Ichthyology 23, 177-183. DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0426.2006. 00830.x
Delashoub, M., Pousty, I., Khojasteh, S.M.B., 2010. Histology of bighead carp (Hypophthalmichthys nobilis) intestine. Global Veterinaria 5(6), 302-306.
Duque-Correa, M.J., Clements, K.D., Meloro, C., Ronco, F., Boila, A., Indermaur, A., Salzburger, W., Clauss, M., 2024. Diet and habitat as determinants of intestine length in fishes. Reviews in Fish Biology and Fisheries, 34(3), 1017-1034. DOI: 10.1007/s11160-024-09853-3
Filice, M., Cerra, M.C., Imbrogno, S., 2022. The goldfish Carassius auratus: an emerging animal model for comparative cardiac research. Journal of Comparative Physiology Part B 192, 27-48. DOI: 10.1007/s00360-021-01402-9
Genten, F., Terwinghe, E., Danguy, A., 2009. Atlas of Fish Histology. Taylor & Francis Inc. ISBN: 978-1578085446.
German, D.P., Horn, M.H., 2006. Gut length and mass in herbivorous and carnivorous prickleback fishes (Teleostei: Stichaeidae): Ontogenetic, dietary, and phylogenetic effects. Marine Biology 148(5), 1123-1134. DOI: 10.1007/s00227-005-0149-4
Gonçalves, M., Lopes, C., Silva, P., 2024. Comparative histological description of the intestine in platyfish (Xiphophorus maculatus) and swordtail fish (Xiphophorus helleri). Tissue and Cell 87, 102306. DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2024.102306
Han, Z., Sun, J., Liu, X., Sun, X., Shi, H., Guo, Y., 2021. The delimitation of intestine segments of koi carp (Cyprinus carpio var. koi) based on histological features. Anatomia, Histologia, Embryologia 50(5), 763-769. DOI: 10.1111/ahe.12722
Hassan, A., 2013. Anatomy and histology of the digestive system of the carnivorous fish, the brown-spotted grouper, Epinephelus chlorostigma (Pisces; Serranidae) from the Red Sea. Life Science Journal 10(2), 1-16.
Karasov, W.H., Douglas, A.E., 2013. Comparative digestive physiology. Comparative Physiology 3(2), 741-783. DOI: 10.1002/cphy.c110054
Kent, G.C., Carr, R.K., 2000. Comparative Anatomy of Vertebrates, 9th Edition. McGraw-Hill Education – Europe, ISBN: 978-0071181686.
Liu, X., Hegab, I.M.M., Su, J., Du, X., Fan, X., Zhang, Q., Gao, Y., Wang, H., 2018. Effects of different durations of fasting/re-feeding bouts on growth, biochemical and histological changes in the digestive tract of Gansu golden trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Czech Journal of Animal Science 63(10), 389-398. DOI: 0.17221/107/2017-CJAS
Lokka, G., Austbo, L., Falk, K., Bjerkas, I., Koppang, E.O., 2013. Intestinal morphology of the wild Atlantic Salmos (Salmo salar). Journal of Morphology 274, 859-876. DOI: 10.1002/jmor.20142
McVay J.A., Kaan, H.W., 1940. The digestive tract of Carassius auratus. Biological Bulletin 78(1), 53-67. DOI: 10.2307/1537800
Murray, H., Wright, G.M., Goff, G., 1996. A comparative histological and histochemical study of the post‐gastric alimentary canal from three species of pleuronectid, the Atlantic halibut, the yellowtail flounder and the winter flounder. Journal of Fish Biology 48(2), 187-206. DOI: 10.1111/j.1095-8649. 1996. tb01112.x
Moyes, C., Schulte, P., 2016. Principles of Animal Physiology, 3rd Edition. Pearson, ISBN 978-0321838179
Moshayedi, F., Eagderi, S., Iri, M., 2017. Histological study of digestive system of common carp, Cyprinus carpio Var. Sazan during early developmental stages. Journal of Fisheries 70(1), 95-105. DOI: 10.22059/jfisheries.2017.219519.956 (In Persian)
Mirzaei Nashtoroudi M., Rezaei Tavabe, K., Abed Elmdoust, A., Rafiee, G., Rahimian, H., Shirkavand Hadavand, B., 2024. Effects of polystyrene nanoplastics on liver histological indices and growth and survival indices of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Journal of Fisheries 77(1), 25-36. DOI: 10.22059/jfisheries.2024.360226.1389 (In Persian)
Neves, M.P., Amorim, J.P.D.A., Delariva, R.L., Kratina, P., Fialho, C.B., 2024. Linking anatomical and histological traits of the digestive tract to resource consumption and assimilation of omnivorous tetra fishes. Ecology and Evolution 14(5), e11375. DOI: 10.1002/ece3.11375
Nopanitaya, W., Carson, J. L., Grisham, J.W., Aghajanian, J.G., 1979. New observations on the fine structure of the liver in goldfish (Carassius auratus). Cell and Tissue Research 196, 249-261. DOI: 10.1007/BF00240100
Ostaszewska, T., Kamaszewski, M., 2019. Digestive System. In: Kirschbaum, F., Formicki, K., (Eds.), The Histology of Fishes, 1st Edition. CRC Press, Chapter 6, 19 pages. ISBN: 978-1032088235
Ostaszewska, T., Korwin-Kossakowski, M., Wolnicki, J., 2006. Morphological changes of digestive structures in starved tench Tinca tinca (L.) juveniles. Aquaculture International 14, 113-126.
Ortiz-Ruiz, M., López-Flórez, C., Castro-Rebolledo, M.I., Baldisserotto, B., Gómez-Ramírez, E., 2024. Anatomy, histology and ultrastructure of the digestive tract in Andean fish (Trichomycterus bogotensis) and ecological implications. Zoomorphology pp. 1-9. DOI: 10.1007/s00435-023-00634-3
Popesku, J.T., Martyniuk, C.J., Mennigen, J., Xiong, H., Zhang, D., Xia, X., Cossins, A.R., Trudeau, V.L., 2008. The goldfish (Carassius auratus) as a model for neuroendocrine signaling. Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology 293(1-2), 43-56. DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2008.06.017
Pozzer, R.F., Faccioli, C.K., Chedid, R.A., Mori, R.H., Batlouni, S.R., Vicentini, I.B.F., Vicentini, C.A., 2023. Morphological analysis of the digestive tract of Hypophthalmus marginatus (Valenciennes, 1840). Anatomia, Histologia, Embryologia 52(4), 603-610. DOI: 10.1111/ahe.12918.
Putra, D.F., Salsabila, F., Dewiyanti, I., Batubara, A.S., Nasir, M., 2024. The morphological and histological developmental study of the gastrointestinal tract of Peres fish (Osteochilus kappenii) Larvae. Jordan Journal of Biological Sciences 17(2), 269-275. DOI: 10.54319/jjbs/170206
Raji, A.R., Norouzi, E., 2010. Histological and histochemical study on the alimentary canal in waking catfish (Claris batrachus) and Piranha (Serrasalmus nattereri). Iranian Journal of Veterinary Research 11(3), 255-261. DOI: 10.22099/ijvr.2010.130
Rašković, B., Stanković, M., Marković, Z., Poleksić, V., 2011. Histological methods in the assessment of different feed effects on liver and intestine of fish. Journal of Agricultural Sciences (Belgrade) 56(1), 87-100. DOI: 10.2298/JAS1101087R
Rønnestad, I., Yúfera, M., Ueberschär, B., Ribeiro, L., Sæle, Ø., Boglione, C., 2013. Feeding behaviour and digestive physiology in larvae fish: Current knowledge, and gaps and bottlenecks in research. Reviews in Aquaculture 5, S59-S98. DOI: 10.1111/raq.12010
Shalaby, W., 2020. Comparative morphological and histological studies on the adaptation of esophagus and stomach to the feeding habits in some coral reef fishes at Hurghada, Red Sea, Egypt. Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Biology and Fisheries 24(5), 289-306. DOI: 10.21608/ejabf.2020.105059
Stevens, C.E., Hume, I.D., 2004. Comparative physiology of the vertebrate digestive system, 2nd edition. Cambridge University Press, ISBN: 978-0702032363
Sukkhee, N., Senarat, S., Charoenphon, N., Kaneko, G., Kettratad, J., Angsujinda, K., Kongtueng, P., Mitparian, T., Kanjanarakha, T., Ampawong, S., 2024. Histological structure of the digestive tract, liver, and pancreas of Ambassis nalua (Hamilton, 1822) with ultrastructural details of the gastric gland. Journal of Fish Biology 104(1), 113-124. DOI: 10.1111/jfb.15566
Wilson, J.M., Castro, L.F.C., 2010. Morphological diversity of the gastrointestinal tract in fishes. In: Grosell, M., Farrell, A.P., Brauner, C.J., (Eds.), Fish Physiology: The Multifunctional Gut of Fish. Academic Press, pp. 1-55. DOI: 10.1016/S1546-5098(10)03001-3
Wilczyńska, B., Wołczuk, K., 2019. Glands of the digestive tract. In: Kirschbaum, F., Formicki, K., (Eds.), The Histology of Fishes, 1st Edition. CRC Press, Chapter 7, 10 pages. ISBN: 978-1032088235
Yamamoto, T., 1965. Some observations on the fine structure of the intrahepatic biliary passages in goldfish (Carassius auratus). Zeitschrift für Zellforschung und Mikroskopische Anatomie 65(3), 319-330. DOI: 10.1007/BF00345633