تأثیرات تغذیه‌ای جانشینی روغن ماهی با روغن کلزا در جیرة غذایی ماهیان جوان کپور معمولی، Cyprinus carpio در عملکرد رشد و پارامترهای تغذیة بدن و شاخص اقتصادی جیره

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانش‌آموختة کارشناسی ارشدگروه شیلات، دانشکدة منابع طبیعی دریا، دانشگاه علوم و فنون دریایی خرمشهر، ایران

2 استادیار گروه شیلات، دانشکدة منابع طبیعی دریا، دانشگاه علوم و فنون دریایی خرمشهر، ایران

3 مرکز تحقیقات آبزی‌پروری جنوب کشور، اهواز، ایران

4 دانشیار گروه شیلات، دانشکدة منابع طبیعی دریا، دانشگاه علوم و فنون دریایی خرمشهر، ایران

چکیده

 





چکیده






مطالعة حاضر با هدف تعیین تأثیرات جانشینی روغن ماهی با روغن گیاهی کلزا در جیرة غذایی در عملکرد رشد، کارایی تغذیه‌ای و شاخص اقتصادی جیرة غذایی ماهیان جوان کپور معمولی (Cyprinus carpio) طراحی شد. در این آزمایش 270 قطعه کپور معمولی جوان با وزن اولیة 10/0±24/16 گرم به صورت کاملاً تصادفی در 18 تانک استوانه‌ای پلی‌اتیلنی 300 لیتری توزیع شد. ماهیان کپور معمولی جوان با شش جیرة غذایی با سطوح یکسان پروتئین و انرژی و با شش سطح جانشینی روغن ماهی (Fish oil, FO) با روغن کلزا (Canola oil, CO) به ترتیب تیمار اول 100 درصد روغن ماهی و 0 درصد روغن کلزا (100FO)، تیمار دوم حاوی 80 درصد روغن ماهی و 20 درصد روغن کلزا (80FO20CO)، تیمار سوم دارای 60 درصد روغن ماهی و 40 درصد روغن کلزا (60FO40CO)، تیمار چهارم دارای 40 درصد روغن ماهی و 80 درصد روغن کلزا (40FO60CO)، تیمار پنجم دارای 20 درصد روغن ماهی و 80 درصد روغن کلزا (20FO80CO) و تیمار ششم دارای 0 درصد روغن ماهی و 100 درصد روغن کلزا (100CO) به مدت 56 روز تغذیه شدند. آزمون آماری واریانس یک‌طرفه اختلاف معنا‌داری را در شاخص‌های رشد، پارامترهای کارایی تغذیه‌ای و کارایی اقتصادی جیره‌های غذایی بین تیمارهای مختلف با سطوح مختلف جانشینی روغن ماهی با روغن کلزا نشان نداد (05/0P>). در صورتی که نتایج آنالیز آماری اختلاف معنا‌داری در نرخ بازماندگی و میزان مصرف خالص چربی نشان داد (05/0P<)؛ به طوری که تیمار اول با تیمار ششم اختلاف معنا‌داری در میزان نرخ بازماندگی و میزان مصرف خالص چربی نشان داد. با توجه به نتایج پیشنهاد می‌شود که برای کاهش میزان مصرف روغن ماهی در جیرة غذایی آبزیان، کاهش هزینة تولید جیرة غذایی و رسیدن به رشدی مطلوب با کارایی مناسب غذایی از جیرة غذایی چهارم با 60 درصد جانشینی روغن ماهی با روغن کلزا برای تغذیة ماهی کپور معمولی جوان استفاده شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Effects of dietary replacement of fish oil with canola oil in the diet of juvenile common carp, Cyprinus carpio on growth performance and feeding utilization of body and diet economic index

نویسندگان [English]

  • Khalil Minabi 1
  • Mohammad Zakeri 2
  • Jasem Ghafleh Marammazi 3
  • Vahid Yavari 4
  • Seied Mohammad Mousavi 4
1 MSc. Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Marine Natural Resources, Khorramshahr University of Marine Science and Technology, Iran
2 Assistant Professor, Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Marine Natural Resources, Khorramshahr University of Marine Science and Technology, Iran
3 outh of Iran Aquaculture Research Center, Iran
4 Associate Professor, Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Marine Natural Resources, Khorramshahr University of Marine Science and Technology, Iran
چکیده [English]

This study was designed to determine the effects of dietary replacement of fish oil with canola oil on
growth performance, feed efficiency of body and Economic indices of experimental diets of juvenile
Common carp (Cyprinus carpio). During the experiment 270 juvenile fish with an average initial
weight of 16.24 ± 0.10g were randomly distributed in 18 well aerated cylindrical polyethylene tanks
(15 fish per 300L capacity tank). Experimental fish were fed with six isonitrogenous (crude protein
content 30.02 percent), isolipidic (crude lipid content 8.77 percent) and isoenergetic (1.184 MJ/kg )
diets consisting of six levels of dietary replacement of fish oil (FO) with canola oil (CO) (100FO,
80FO20CO, 60FO40CO, 40FO60CO, 20FO80CO and 100 CO), for 56 days. One-way ANOVA
showed no significant difference (P>0.05), in growth performance, feed efficiency parameters,
hepatosomatic index (HSI), cardiosomatic index, condition factor and economic index between the
experimental treatments. However, ANOVA showed a significant difference in survival rates, net lipid
utilization (NLU) and the viscerosomatic index (VSI) (P <0.05) While the highest and lowest VSI and
NLU were recorded in the first and sixth treatments, respectively, Moreover, highest and lowest
viscerosomatic index were observed in the sixth and the fourth dietary treatments, respectively. Based
on the variation in growth and feeding indices it could be presumed that incase of longer duration of
the experiments significant variation in growth and feeding indices would have been observed that
maybe due to the imbalance of essential fatty acids in fifth and sixth dietary treatment and failure to
provide complete body needs for fatty acids. Moreover, taking into consideration the poor results
obtained in the condition and economic indices of fifth and sixth treatments, it could be concluded that
the most suitable dietary treatment for feeding juvenile common carp is replacement of 60% of fish oil
with canola oil.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • canola oil
  • Cyprinus carpio
  • feeding efficiency
  • fish oil replacement
  • growth performances. economic conversion ratio
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