درصد تشابه و روابط تبارشناختی گونه های ماهیان خاویاری دریای خزر بر اساس توالی‌های ژنوم میتوکندریایی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 موسسه تحقیقات بین‌المللی ماهیان خاویاری، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، گیلان، ایران

2 مرکز تحقیقات ابریشم کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، گیلان، ایران

10.22059/jfisheries.2023.358558.1384

چکیده

ژنوم میتوکندریایی یک مدل ایده­ آل برای مطالعة تکامل و روابط تبارشناختی است. در این مطالعه، ژنوم ­های کامل میتوکندریایی شش گونه از ماهیان خاویاری دریای خزر شامل تاسماهی ایرانی، تاسماهی روسی، تاسماهی شیپ، ازون‌برون، استرلیاد و فیل ماهی همراه با توالی­ های نوکلئوتیدی و آمینواسیدی 13 ژن رمزگر پروتئین به‌ازای هر ژنوم شامل ND1، ND2، ND3، ND4، ND5، ND6، ATP6، ATP8، COX1، COX2، COX3، ND4L و CYTB از بانک اطلاعاتی NCBI استخراج و مقایسه شدند. نتایج حاصل از تجزیه و تحلیل فاصلة توالی‌ها در نرم‌افزار DNAStar براساس ژنوم کامل میتوکندریایی نشان‌‌دهندة بیشترین شباهت ژنتیکی (99 درصد) بین گونه‌های تاسماهی ایرانی و تاسماهی روسی بود. همچنین کمترین شباهت ژنتیکی (95 درصد) بین گونه‌های تاسماهی روسی و فیل ماهی مشاهده شد. در تجزیه و تحلیل تبارشناختی حاصل از نرم‌افزار MEGA7، دو خوشة اصلی با دو زیر خوشة فرعی برای یکی از خوشه‌های اصلی شناسایی شدند. گونه ­های تاسماهی ایرانی و تاسماهی روسی در زیر خوشة اول، تاسماهی شیپ و استرلیاد در زیر خوشة دیگر و گونه­ های ازون‌برون و فیل ماهی خوشة متمایز دیگری تشکیل دادند. نتایج حاصل از مقایسة توالی‌های نوکلئوتیدی 13 ژن رمزگر پروتئین با نتایج حاصل از توالی­ های کامل ژنوم ­های میتوکندریایی مشابه بودند. بیشترین تفاوت در توالی‌های نوکلئوتیدی ژن‌های CYTB، ATP6، ND2، ND5 و ND6 و کمترین تفاوت در ژن ND4L مشاهده شد. نتایج حاصل از مقایسة توالی‌های آمینواسیدی 13 ژن متفاوت بود، از آنجا که ترتیب گونه‌ها در درخت تبارنما تغییر کرد، شباهت ژنتیکی 100 درصدی برای برخی ژن­ها همچون COX3 و ND4L شناسایی شد. براساس نتایج پژوهش حاضر، توالی‌های ژنوم میتوکندریایی می‌توانند برای مطالعات تبارشناسی و خوشه‌بندی گونه‌های متفاوت ماهیان خاویاری مورد استفاده قرار گیرند. اگرچه، صحت بررسی­ ها با استفاده از ژنوم ­های کامل میتوکندریایی بالاتر از توالی ­های نوکلئوتیدی ژن­ ها است و استفاده از توالی­ های آمینواسیدی به‌دلیل ماهیت کدونی آن‌ها پیشنهاد نمی­ شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Percent identity and phylogenetic relationships of Caspian Sea sturgeon species based on mitochondrial genome sequences

نویسندگان [English]

  • Shirin Jamshidi 1
  • Ramin Abdoli 2
1 International Sturgeon Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Gilan, Iran
2 Iran Silk Research Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Gilan, Iran
چکیده [English]

Mitochondrial genome is an ideal model to study evolution and phylogenetic relationships. In this study, complete mitochondrial genomes of six species of Caspian sea sturgeon including Persian sturgeon, Russian sturgeon, Ship sturgeon, Sterlet sturgeon, Starry sturgeon and Beluga sturgeon along with separate nucleotide and amino acid sequences of 13 PCGs per each genome including ND1, ND2, ND3, ND4, ND5, ND6, ATP6, ATP8, COX1, COX2, COX3, ND4L and CYTB were retrieved from NCBI database and compared. The results obtained from sequence distance analysis by DNAStar software based on complete mitochondrion genome showed high genetic similarity (99 %) between Persian and Russian sturgeon. Also, the lowest similarity (95 %) was observed between Sterlet and Starry sturgeon. In phylogenetic analysis by MEGA7 software, two main clusters with two sub-clusters for one of the main clusters were identified. Persian and Russian sturgeon species were grouped in first sub-cluster, Ship and Sterlet species fall in the other sub-cluster and Starry sturgeon with Beluga formed a different distinct cluster. The results obtained from the comparison of the 13 PCGs sequences were similar to the sequences of the complete mitochondrial genomes. The most difference in nucleotide sequences were observed in CYTB, ATP6, ND2, ND5 and ND6 genes and the lowest difference for ND4L gene. The results obtained from the comparison of the 13 genes amino acid sequences were different as the order of the species was changed and 100 % genetic similarity were observed for some genes such as COX3 and ND4L genes. Based on the results of the present study, mitochondrial genome sequences could be used for phylogenetic analysis and clustering of different species of sturgeons. However, the accuracy of investigations by complete mitochondrial genomes is higher than the nucleotide sequences of the genes, and using the amino acid sequences is not suggested due to their codon nature.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Mitogenome
  • Phylogenetic tree
  • Genetic similarity
  • Sturgeons
  • Caspian Sea

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شیلات
دوره 76، شماره 3
مهر 1402
صفحه 341-355

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