بررسی تولیدمثل و تعیین رژیم غذایی سیاه‌ماهی (Güldenstädt, 1773) Capoeta capoeta در دریاچة سد سنگ سیاه دهگلان، استان کردستان

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانش‌آموخته کارشناسی ارشد گروه شیلات، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه کردستان، سنندج، ایران

2 استادیار گروه شیلات، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه کردستان، سنندج، ایران

3 دانشیار گروه شیلات، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه کردستان، سنندج، استان کردستان، ایران

4 گروه شیلات، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه کردستان، سنندج، استان کردستان، ایران

10.22059/jfisheries.2023.357344.1377

چکیده

سیاه‌ماهی Capoeta capoeta یکی از ماهیان بومی ایران در حوضة جنوبی دریای خزر و دریاچه سد سنگ‌سیاه کردستان است. برای مطالعه تولیدمثل این گونه به‌مدت یک‌سال (خرداد 1398 تا اردیبهشت 1399) ماهانه با تور گوشگیر نمونه‌برداری صورت گرفت. سپس ماهیان صید شده، زیست‌سنجی و تعیین جنسیت شد و شاخص رشد گناد (GSI) آن‌ها اندازه‌گیری شدند. ماهیان صید شده در گروه‌های سنی +0 تا +5 سال قرار داشتند. نسبت جنسی آن‌ها 1/5 به 1 (ماده به نر) و طول کل نرها با میانگین 1/3±2/29 و ماده‌ها 3/2±32 سانتی‌متر برآورد شد. میانگین وزن کل نرها و ماده‌ها به‌ترتیب 50/9±284 و 79/3±378/2گرم بود. همچنین بررسی تغییرات شاخص رسیدگی جنسی (GSI) هر دو جنس در تیر ماه دارای بیش‌ترین میزان بودند. میانگین طول نسبی روده در این گونه (1/29±6/8) بیانگر رژیم غذایی گیاه‌خواری (جلبک‌خواری) در این ماهی بود. میانگین درصد معدة خالی در کل دوره 11/7 برآورد گردید که نشان داد این گونه پرخور است. همچنین بیش‌ترین میزان میانگین شاخص معدی در فصل بهار برآورد شد. نتایج این پژوهش نشان داد که تیر ماه اوج رسیدگی جنسی سیاه‌ماهی است و دورة تولیدمثل این گونه از اردیبهشت تا تیر ماه است. بررسی رژیم غذایی و نوع غذای مصرفی در دستگاه گوارش این ماهی نشان داد که این ماهی دارای رژیم غذایی بیشتر جلبک‌خواری است. با توجه به رشد بالا و تکثیر زیاد و همچنین نوع رژیم غذایی، این ماهی را می‌توان به‌عنوان یک گونة اقتصادی در مخازن پشت سدها رهاسازی کرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Reproduction and natural food regime of Caucasian scraper (Capoeta capoeta) in Sang Siah Lake (Reservoir) of Dehgolan, Kurdistan Province

نویسندگان [English]

  • Faraidon Feyzi 1
  • Habibollah Mohammadi 2
  • Vahid Zadmajid 3
  • Edris Ghaderi 4
  • Ronak Zarei 1
  • Mehdi Barmar 1
  • Shahnaz Fathi 1
1 M. Sc. graduate, Department of Fisheries Sciences, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Kurdistan, Sananndaj, Iran
2 Assistant professor, Department of Fisheries Sciences, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Kurdistan, Sananndaj, Iran
3 Associate professor< Department of Fisheries sciences, Faculty of natural resources, University of Kurdistan, Iran
4 Department of Fisheries sciences, Faculty of natural resources, University of Kurdistan, Iran
چکیده [English]

Caucasian scraper (Capoeta capoeta) is one of the native fish of Iran, in the southern basin of the Caspian Sea and Sang Siah Lake of Kurdistan. To study the reproductive cycle of this fish, sampling by gill net was done monthly from June 2018 to May 2019. The biometry of specimen in the Lab was done and sexuality, maturity stages and gonad growth index (GSI) were recorded. The sex ratio of specimen of 1.5 to 1 (female to male), the total length of males 29.3 ± 2.1 cm and the total length of females 32±2.3 cm were recorded. The average weight of males and females were 284.6±50.9 and 378.2±79.3 g, respectively. Also, examining the changes in sexual maturity index (GSI), both sexes had the highest GSI in July. The average relative length of the intestine in this species (6.8±1.29) indicated the herbivorous food regime. The average percentage of empty stomach in the whole period was estimated to be 11.7, which shows that this species is a gluttonous. Also, the highest average amount of gastric index (GI) was estimated in spring. The results of this study showed that July is the peak of sexual maturity and reproduction of this species. Investigation the results of its food habits and preferences in the digestive system showed that this fish prefers algae than other food resources. Due to the high growth and reproduction and also food regime, this fish can be introduced as an economic species to culture and sport fishing in the reservoirs.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Reproductive
  • Feeding habit
  • Capoeta capoeta
  • Sang Siah Lake of Dehgolan
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