بررسی روند تغییرات صید و الگوی رشد تاس ماهی ایرانی (Acipenser persicus Borodin, 1897) در سه دهه از زیست این گونه در آب های حوضة جنوبی دریای خزر

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری گروه شیلات، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه گنبد کاووس، گنبد کاووس، ایران

2 دانشیار گروه شیلات، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه گنبدکاووس، گنبدکاووس، ایران

3 استادیار گروه شیلات، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه گنبدکاووس، گنبدکاووس، ایران

4 دکتری شیلات، مدیریت امور ماهیان خاویاری گلستان، شرکت مادر تخصصی خدمات کشاورزی، گرگان، ایران

5 دکتری شیلات، سازمان شیلات ایران، اداره کل شیلات هرمزگان، بندرعباس، ایران

10.22059/jfisheries.2023.356565.1373

چکیده

مطالعة حاضر با هدف بررسی تنوع­ پذیری الگوی رشد و فراوانی تاس­ماهی ایرانی (Acipenser persicus) براساس داده ­های صید در آب­ های حوضة جنوبی دریای خزر طی یک دورة 27 ساله  (1397–1370) انجام. در این پژوهش، 72704 قطعه تاس­ماهی ایرانی به تفکیک جنسیت (نر، ماده و جمعیت)، زمان (سال) و مکان (آب­ های سواحل استان ­های گیلان، مازندران و گلستان) مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. بیشترین میزان صید این گونه در سال 1370 (6038 قطعه) و کمترین میزان صید آن نیز در سال 1397 (292 قطعه) ثبت شد. استان گلستان بیشترین تعداد صید (30851 قطعه) و استان گیلان کمترین مقدار صید (11129 قطعه) را داشت. بیشینة طول چنگالی این گونه در سال 1385 با 240 سانتی­ متر ثبت گردید. نتایج نشان داد بیشترین میانگین طول چنگالی در سال 1386 و 1389 با 151 سانتی­ متر و بیشترین میانگین وزن کل در سال 1372، 1373، 1375، 1376 و 1386 با 26000 گرم مشاهده شد. همچنین کمترین میانگین طول چنگالی در سال 1397 با 139 سانتی­متر و کمترین میانگین وزن کل در سال­ های 1389 و 1391 با 600 گرم به ­دست آمد. دامنة طولی 148-136 و 160-148 سانتی­ متر در جنس نر و ماده به­ ترتیب بیشترین فراوانی طولی را به‌خود اختصاص دادند. جنس ماده بیشترین و کمترین میزان صید را به ­ترتیب در سال 1370 و 1397 و جنس نر بیشترین و کمترین میزان صید را در سال 1370 و سال 1393 به‌خود اختصاص دادند. جمعیت جنس ماده نسبت به جنس نر تا سال 1391 بیشتر بود و بعد از آن، این نسبت معکوس شد. ضریب آلومتری رشد  bدر این سال­ ها بین 1/03 تا 3/49 متغییر بود، الگوی رشد غالباً در دهة 70 آلومتریک مثبت و در دهة 80 ایزومتریک و آلومتریک منفی و در دهة 90 آلومتریک منفی بود. ضریب وضعیت برای این گونه نیز در طی این سال­ ها بین 0/61 الی 0/8 متغییر بود و میانگین ضریب وضعیت برای جمعیت کل 0/72 بود. به­ طور کلی در یک دورة 27 ساله میزان صید تاس­ماهی ایرانی در سواحل جنوبی دریای خزر کاهش بیش از 95 درصدی داشت.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Investigation of trends in catch and growth patterns of Acipenser persicus Borodin, 1897 during three decades in the southern Caspian Sea

نویسندگان [English]

  • Shaghayegh Asgardoun 1
  • Rahman Patimar 2
  • Mohammad Gholizadeh 2
  • Hadi Raeisi 3
  • Seyyed Mostafa Aghilinezhad 4
  • Amir Ali Moradinasab 5
1 PhD Student, Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Gonbad Kavos University, Gonbad Kavos, Iran
2 Associate Professor, College of Natural Resources, Gonbad Kavous University, Gonbad Kavous, Iran
3 Assistant Professor, College of Natural Resources, Gonbad Kavous University, Gonbad Kavous, Iran
4 Ph. D in Fisheries, Management of Sturgeon Fishes Affairs, Holding of Agricultural Services, Gorgan, Iran
5 Ph. D in Fisheries, Hormozgan Fisheries Organization, Bandar Abbas, Iran
چکیده [English]

The present study aimed to investigate variability in growth pattern and evaluate abundance of A. persicus based on catch data in the southern Caspian Sea water in a period of 27 years (1991-2018). The data of 72704 specimens were analyzed separately by sex (male, female and population), time (years) and region (coastal waters of Gilan, Mazandaran and Golestan provinces). The highest catch of this species was recorded in 1991 (6038 pieces of the fish) and the lowest catch was recorded in 2018 (292 pieces). During the period, the Golestan province had the highest number of catches (30851 pieces) and Gilan province had the lowest ones (11129 pieces). The maximum recorded fork length of this species was 240 cm in 2006. The results showed that the highest annual average fork length was 151 cm in 2007 and 2010 and the highest annual average total weight in 1993, 1994, 1996, 1997 and 2007, which was 26000 grams. The lowest annual average fork length was 139 cm in 2018 and the lowest annual average total weight was 600 grams in 2010 and 2012. The highest length frequency corresponded for the ranges of 136-148 and 148-160 cm in males and females, respectively. The females showed the highest catches in 1991, and the lowest in 2018, while the males had the highest in 1991, and the lowest in 2014. The females dominated the population in the period of 1991- 2013, and after that this ratio was reversed. The allometric coefficient of growth (b) varied between 1.03 and 3.49 in the study period. The growth pattern was mostly positive allometric in first decade of study (1991-2001), isometric or negative allometric in the second decade of study period (2001-2011), and negative in third decade (2011-2018). During the study period, the condition factor of the fish varied between 0.61 and 0.80, and the average of the factor for the whole period of study was 0.72. Generally, the catch of A. persicus in the southern Caspian waters decreased more than 95% from 1991 to 2018 (a period of 27 catch-years).

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Persian Sturgeon
  • Acipenser persicus
  • Catch
  • Growth pattern
  • Southern Caspian Sea basin

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شیلات
دوره 76، شماره 4
دی 1402
صفحه 593-609

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