اثر ترکیب عصارة هیدروالکلی زردچوبه و آویشن شیرازی بر شاخص های رشد، تغذیه، فعالیت آنزیم های گوارشی و آنزیم های آنتی اکسیدانی ماهی قزل‌آلای رنگین‌کمان (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانش آموختة دکتری، گروه شیلات، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه ارومیه، ارومیه، ایران

2 دانشیار گروه شیلات، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه ارومیه، ارومیه، ایران

3 دانشیار گروه میکروب شناسی، بخش ایمنی شناسی، دانشکده دامپزشکی، دانشگاه ارومیه، ارومیه، ایران

4 دانشیار گروه مهندسی کشاورزی، بیماری شناسی گیاهی، پژوهشکده گیاهان و مواد اولیه دارویی، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران

10.22059/jfisheries.2024.364142.1402

چکیده

اثر ترکیب عصاره­ های هیدروالکلی زردچوبه (Curcuma longa L.) و آویشن شیرازی (Zataria multiflora Boiss) بر عملکرد رشد، شاخص­ های تغذیه، فعالیت آنزیم­ های گوارشی بافت زوائد پیلوریک و آنتی ­اکسیدانی بافت کبد ماهی قزل‌آلای رنگین‌کمان بررسی شد. سه جیرة غذایی آزمایشی شامل جیرة­ پایه (گروه شاهد) و جیره­ های حاوی 0/5درصد و 1/5 درصد ترکیب عصاره ­های گیاهی زردچوبه و آویشن شیرازی (با نسبت 1: 2) تهیه گردید. 234 قطعه ماهی به‌طور تصادفی در سه گروه آزمایشی با سه تکرار (26 ماهی در تکرار) تقسیم و به‌مدت 8 هفته پرورش داده شدند. تغذیة ماهیان با جیرة غذایی حاوی 0/5درصد ترکیب عصاره ­های گیاهی موجب افزایش کارایی خوراک و شاخص وضعیت (ضریب چاقی) در مقایسه با گروه شاهد شد (0/05>P). ترکیب 1/5 درصد عصاره ­های گیاهی نرخ رشد روزانه را در مقایسه با گروه شاهد به‌طور معنی­ دار افزایش داد (0/05>P). هر دو سطح عصاره ­های گیاهی ارزش تولیدی پروتئین را افزایش و ارزش تولیدی چربی را در مقایسه با گروه شاهد کاهش دادند (0/05>P). شاخص کبدی و شاخص احشایی تحت تأثیر هر دو سطح عصاره در مقایسه با گروه شاهد افزایش یافت (0/05>P). افزودن ترکیب عصاره ­ها به خوراک موجب افزایش معنی­ دار فعالیت آنزیم­ های گوارشی آمیلاز و لیپاز گردید (0/05>P). ترکیب عصاره ­ها به‌طور قابل توجهی فعالیت آنزیم­ های سوپراکسید دیسموتاز و گلوتاتیون پراکسیداز را در کبد ماهی قزل‌آلای رنگین‌کمان افزایش و محتوای مالون دی آلدهید این بافت را نسبت به گروه شاهد کاهش داد (0/05>P). بنابراین، با توجه به تأثیر مثبت عصاره ­های گیاهی زردچوبه و آویشن شیرازی، استفاده از سطح 0/05 درصد ترکیب عصاره ­های مذکور در خوراک ماهی قزل‌آلای رنگین‌کمان پیشنهاد می­ گردد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Effects of combination of turmeric and thyme hydro-alcoholic extracts on growth, nutritional indices, digestive and antioxidant enzymes activity of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Nina Nazdar 1
  • Ahmad Imani 2
  • Seyyed Meysam Abtahi Froushani 3
  • Mohsen Farzaneh 4
  • Kourosh Sarvi Moghanlou 2
1 Ph.D graduate, Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Natural Resources, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
2 Associate Professor, Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Natural Resources, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
3 Associate Professor, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
4 Associate Professor, Department of Agriculture, Medicinal Plants and Drugs Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

The effect of dietary administration of combination of hydro-alcoholic extracts of turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) and thyme (Zataria multiflora Boiss) on growth performance, nutritional parameters, digestive enzymes activity and antioxidant properties of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) was investigated. Three experimental diets including basal diet (control group) and diets containing 0.5% and 1.5% of combination of turmeric and thyme (ratio of 1:2) extracts were prepared. A total of 234 juveniles of rainbow trout were randomly divided into three experimental groups in triplicates (providing 26 fish per replicate) and reared for eight weeks. Feeding diets contained 0.5 % of the extract increased the feed efficiency ratio and condition factor of rainbow trout compared to the control group (P<0.05). Supplementing 1.5 % plant extract increased the Average Daily Growth (ADG) of the fish in comparison to control group (P<0.05). Both dietary levels of the extracts increased protein productive value and lipid productive value of fish compared to control group (P<0.05). Viscerosomatic and hepatosomatic index were affected by both dietary extract levels compared to control group (P<0.05). Dietary plant extract inclusion significantly increased the activity of amylase and lipase (P<0.05). Similarly, the activity of superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase significantly increased in the liver tissue of rainbow trout following feeding on diets containing the extracts, while malondialdehyde content of the tissue decreased in comparison to the control group (P<0.05). Therefore, considering the promising effects of dietary supplementation of turmeric and thyme extracts, inclusion of 0.5% of the extracts in rainbow trout feed is recommended.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Phytogenics
  • Growth performance
  • Nutritional indices
  • Digestive enzymes activity
  • Antioxidant enzymes activity
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